Basic theory on music

All the music in this world is derived from the 12 basic notes listed below.

C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G#, A, A#, B, C,C#.....  and the same pattern repeats over and over again. If we have a look at a keyboard/piano, we would see that the same set of 12 keys is repeated all over. Just for convention we will subscript the first set of 12 keys with 1 (viz C₁, D₁ etc.) the second set as C₂ D₂ etc. and so on. C  is the first white key on the keyboard, it is the one just before the bunch of 2 black keys. The first black key is C# (read as C Sharp) and the next white is D and so on. The alphabetical notation given here are absolute frequencies of sound in physics. For example, the middle A i.e. A₄ on the keyboard is 440 Hz.

Also, when we move from C to C#, we say that we have moved half note above. If we move from C to D we say that we have moved a full note above. So the difference between two consecutive notes is called a half note difference.

So now that we know that the notations C,D E etc are absolute frequencies we will now learn about the relative notes i.e. do-re-mi-fa-so-la-ti-do (Western Classical) or the sa-re-ga-ma-pa-dha-ni-sa (Indian Classical). We will map the above two notations to the absolute notes now. If you look at the bold letters C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C; the above two relative notations follow this pattern on the absolute frequencies. To understand this better let us discuss the pattern followed by C,D,E,F,G,A,B,C--

The difference between C&D is of a full note, between D&E is again full, between E&F is a half note, between F&G is full, between G&A is full, between A&B is full and again between B&C is half. So, its goes like this - full, full, half, full, full, full, half. The relative notes always follow this pattern and may start from any of the 12 absolute notes. For example, if I say my 'do' or the 'sa' starts from the absolute note 'D', I can easily find out the other relative notes using the formula full, full, half, full, full, full, half. So, do-re-mi-fa-so-la-ti-do will now be mapped to D,E,F#,G,A,B,C#,D. So, now you should be able to try different combinations of do-re-mi-fa on your keyboards/piano starting from any key on it. I will get back soon with some advanced theory in my new hub.